In a progressive step aimed at improving the quality of life for people living with HIV, Rwanda is preparing to introduce a new form of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Under this new system, patients will have the option to take a single pill once a month or receive an injection that lasts for six months, instead of taking daily medication as is currently the norm. The country plans to implement this innovation nationwide by 2026.
This major development was announced by Rwanda’s Minister of Health, Dr. Sabin Nsanzimana, during the 13th International AIDS Society (IAS 2025) Conference, held in Rwanda. The five-day international event brought together HIV/AIDS experts and researchers from across the globe.
A breakthrough in HIV treatment
Minister Nsanzimana explained that this new form of treatment is currently being tested in clinical trials involving individuals already on daily ART but who adhere strictly to medical instructions. Preliminary research findings have shown encouraging results, indicating that both the monthly pill and the biannual injection could be just as effective in suppressing the virus.
“This new method includes a pill taken once a month and an injection administered twice a year,” Dr. Nsanzimana said. “It will reduce the burden of taking medication every single day, which can be difficult for many people. The ultimate goal is to make life easier and healthier for those living with HIV.”
Voices from the community
People living with HIV have reacted positively to this upcoming change. Many shared their daily struggles with adhering to medication schedules, especially when they travel, stay overnight away from home, or lack access to food, which is often recommended when taking the medication.
“Taking daily medication is really hard. Sometimes you haven’t eaten properly, or you’re on the road and don’t feel free to take your medicine. It can even be embarrassing to carry pills around. I believe this new option will really make a difference for us.” One participant expressed.
This sentiment reflects the practical and emotional challenges many patients face, including stigma and logistical hurdles. The simplified treatment could significantly ease these burdens.
A global collaboration
This new treatment initiative is being developed with the support of international partners, including the World Health Organization (WHO), the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), and various other stakeholders working in public health and HIV response.
These organizations are collaborating closely with Rwanda’s Ministry of Health to ensure the treatment is safe, effective, and accessible to those who need it most.
Rwanda’s ongoing fight against HIV
Rwanda has made notable progress in combating HIV/AIDS over the years, with increased access to testing, treatment, and education. The introduction of this new treatment model is expected to be a major milestone in the country’s HIV response strategy.
By reducing the frequency of medication while maintaining viral suppression, the approach aims to improve adherence, reduce stigma, and ultimately lower the number of new infections.